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The internal combustion engines with opposite pistons present the possibility to create a dynamically balanced crank-piston mechanism with a lower number of cylinders in comparison with conventional engines. The gas exchange process is of utmost importance inasmuch as both the general development of the engine and the design of the combustion chamber are concerned. The motion conditions, the temperature and the dilution with burnt gases in which the cylinder charge is found at the closing of the scavenging lights, majorly influence the formation process of the air-fuel mixture and of the burning.